Iindidi ezi-4 zeendlela zesakhiwo sentsimbi

Isakhiwo sentsimbi i-mezzanine sisetyenziselwa ukwakha umgangatho wentsimbi kumgangatho wokuhlala, isakhiwo seofisi, indawo yokusebenzela, indawo kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezinomphakamo ophakamileyo kakhulu, ukuze utshintshe umgangatho wokuqala ube yimigangatho emibini, oko kukuthi, Sebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo isithuba ukwandisa indawo yokusetyenziswa, ngaphandle kokonakalisa inkangeleko yentsusa.

I-Mezzanine yentsimbi iyafumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokwakha.

Thatha ingcambu

Ukhuseleko lwesandwich yensimbi enye yeqhosha le "ngcambu", ekuthiwa yingcambu sisakhiwo esitsha sentsimbi yomthwalo we-mezzanine kumgangatho webhanti, idluliselwe kwingcambu yengcambu kulwakhiwo lwantlandlolo, njengomthi ongenamandla Umthi weengcambu awunakuma, kulwakhiwo lokwenyani kufuneka kuqala luqwalasele ukuba ingaba inqaku elisisigxina elinezinto ezinokwakheka, okwesibini kukufumanisa ubume bokuqala bobulukhuni, ubukhulu, ukuqiniswa, njl. ulwakhiwo lolwakhiwo, kuya kufuneka uyenze ukuxhasa ukuzimela, kodwa izinto ezizimeleyo zenkxaso nazo kufuneka zenziwe kumacandelo afana nokuthwala umqadi), kangangoko kunokwenzeka xa ujika umngxuma ungaphazamisi ukuqiniswa okuphambili, ngokungqinelana ngokungqongqo nobuchwephesha Iimfuno zobunzulu, ububanzi bemingxunya, ii-Anchor zibonelelwa ngokomthwalo wophahla. Umngxunya kufuneka ucocwe ngaphambi kokumiliselwa kwe-anchor bolt, kungenjalo amandla e-anchorage aya kuchaphazeleka kakhulu. Isantya sokujikeleza akufuneki ukuba sikhawuleze kakhulu ngexesha lokumiliselwa, okuya kuthi kukhokelele ekuxubeni okungaphelelanga kweziyobisi kunye nasekuqhubeni kancinci kweziyobisi, okuya kunciphisa amandla okuzoba. Emva kokumiliselwa, ulwakhiwo lungenziwa ngokwexesha lokulinda lobushushu.Ukuze kungqengqwe ipleyiti ebekiweyo, ipleyiti ebekiweyo zizibini zeebhanti ze-anchor. Ubukhulu kunye nendawo yeplate ebethelelwe ibalwa ngokungqinelana nomthwalo opheleleyo we-beam ephambili (ipleyiti yokuqinisa ixabiso le-anchor inkulu kuneyona iphezulu ye-eneji ye-anchor plate yokwenza inqanaba lokuphumelela eliphantsi lokuqiniswa kwexabiso) Ngexesha lofakelo, i-ankile kunye ne-bolt kufuneka ikhutshiwe. Kulabo banamandla amancinci okucheba, indlela yomhlaba ingavavanywa. Xa kusombiwa imingxunya kuwo onke amacwecwe afakelweyo, ukuqiniswa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Ukuba kukho umsantsa phakathi kwepleyiti ebethelelwe kunye nomqadi wekhonkrithi okanye ikholamu yekhonkrithi, inokunyangwa ngeglue okanye ngezinto zokugaya. Emva kokuba zonke iiankile ziqinisiwe, umqadi ophambili unokulayishwa.

Umgcini ophambili

I-Girder kwi-sandwich yesakhiwo sentsimbi yobunjineli sisitshixo kukhuseleko kwenye, ukuba umthi womthi kwakhona ulungile kwaye isiqu asinakuthwala amandla angaphandle lilize, ukhetho lwe-girder ephambili kunye nophahla lokuthwala umthwalo, ubude buhambelana ngqo, ukuba unokukhetha imiqadi emincinci, okanye i-h-beam, umqadi wensimbi emva kokucoca okukhethiweyo, ukusika, ukuqala njalo njalo, kwindawo yokulinganisa kumacala omabini e-ankile kwisika esihle, i-mezzanine kunye nobunjineli bobume bentsimbi, uninzi yobude beol purlin bubude obungapheliyo, ke umlinganiso emva kokusikwa, ukuba ukhetha kangangoko kunokwenzeka isinyithi esincinci.

Unxibelelwano

Ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwesakhiwo sentsimbi ikakhulu kukudityaniswa komqadi wentsimbi.

Ulwakhiwo lwensimbi yolwakhiwo lweesandwich ikakhulu luqhagamshelo lwentsimbi yentsimbi, i-1 welding, 2 amandla aphezulu e-bolt uqhagamshelo.Kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu ngokubanzi zisebenzisa uqhagamshelo lwe-bolt enamandla amakhulu okanye i-welding, kuba isiza kunye namandla e-welding avumela oku ukuba kungathethi, kwisakhelo sesinyithi sesanti Isiza sihlala sinendawo emxinwa, umqadi ophambili kunzima ukungena kuwo, nkqu nakucingo lwangaphandle kunxibelelwano lofikelelo, oomatshini abangasetyenziswanga ngokulula, ukuphakamisa ngesandla kunye neethambo zamagxa kuqhagamshelo lomqadi wentsimbi.

Indlela 1: Isakhiwo sentsimbi uxinzelelo lweplate ipleyiti yomgangatho

Ukuziqhelanisa: I-puram yesibini ye-purlin (isithuba esingama-600mm okanye njalo) + ibhodi yefayibha yesamente (okanye ibhodi ye-osson ye-OSB) + malunga ne-40mm ekhonkrithi yelitye elikhanyayo lokukhanya (ngokuzithandela) + umaleko womphezulu wokuhombisa;

Iskimu sokwakheka sinezinto zexabiso eliphantsi, ukukhanya okufileyo kunye nexesha elifutshane lokwakha.Kulungele ukutshintsha kwe-mezzanine yokuhlala kwabantu, ukwakha iofisi kunye neeprojekthi zeshishini. Xa kukho umthwalo omkhulu womgangatho okanye umthwalo wokungcangcazela, khetha ngononophelo;

Indlela 2: Isakhiwo sentsimbi ikhonkrithi yomgangatho odityanisiweyo

Indlela: ipleyiti yentsimbi yomgangatho wentsimbi + malunga ne-100mm yokomeleza ipleyiti yekhonkrithi + umaleko womphezulu wokuhombisa;

Esi sikimu sineempawu zentsebenzo yokhuseleko oluphezulu, ukuthwala umthwalo omkhulu, akukho kungcangcazela, isiphumo esihle sokugquma isandi njalo njalo.Isetyenziswa kwizithuba ezahlukeneyo ezinkulu nezincinci zepateni yokwakha, ezinje ngezakhiwo zokuhlala, izakhiwo zeofisi, zonke iintlobo zeeworkshop, umthwalo onzima kunye nomgangatho wokungcangcazela, njl njl.

Indlela yesi-3: isakhiwo sobunzima bendalo yebhodi yokudibanisa ibhodi yokudibanisa

Indlela: malunga ne-100mm ye-ALC epleyiti ephathekayo yekhonkrithi + malunga ne-30mm yodaka lwe-screed layer + umaleko womgangatho wokuhombisa;

Esi sakhiwo sokudibanisa sikhuselekile kwaye sikhusela okusingqongileyo, ubunzima bokukhanya, amandla aphezulu, ukuhlala ixesha elide ngaphandle kwesiphene, ulwakhiwo olukhawulezayo, ixesha lokwakha elifutshane, ukusebenza kakuhle kokufakelwa, ukufakelwa nako kungalingana neflange ephezulu yentsimbi, ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kokusebenzayo Esebenzayo kwizakhiwo zeofisi, izakhiwo zokuhlala, iindibano zocweyo ezilula, njl njl.

Indlela 4: Isakhiwo sentsimbi ipleyiti yokudityaniswa komgangatho slab

Ukuziqhelanisa: umqadi wesibini purlin (okanye ubambo oluqinisiweyo) ukubeka isithuba esingaphantsi kwama-600mm + ipleyiti yentsimbi yokuhombisa (okanye ipleyiti yegridi) + malunga ne-40mm ikhonkrithi yelitye elicikizekileyo (ngokuzithandela) + umaleko womphezulu wokuhombisa (ngokuzithandela);

Esi sikimu sokudityaniswa kolwakhiwo silungele umasifundisane wasemizi-mveliso, umasifundisane, izixhobo kunye nezinye izakhiwo, ukusebenza okuhle kokuthwala umthwalo, ulwakhiwo olukhawulezileyo, njl. Njl.

1. Uyilo kunye nemigaqo yokwakha yomgangatho omtsha we-mezzanine imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

(1) Khetha ifom efanelekileyo yomgangatho we-mezzanine ngokujonga ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa komsebenzi, ukonga umbane kunye nokulondolozwa kobushushu, ukufakwa kwesandi kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo, ukulungelelaniswa kwendalo kunye nezinye izinto.

(2) Ukhuseleko lolwakhiwo Kuqala, icandelo lolwakhiwo kufuneka libalwe kwaye lihlalutywe, kwaye kukhethwe ifom yecandelo lekholamu efanelekileyo kunye nobukhulu becandelo kufuneka kukhethwe. ukutshabalalisa isakhiwo sokuqala.

(3) Ubunzima obongeziweyo bomgangatho wemezzanine bukhaphukhaphu kangangoko ukunciphisa umthwalo ofileyo kubume bokuqala;

(4) Ukwakha kulula, kwaye ulwakhiwo olunempembelelo encinci kwezinye iindawo, kokukhona kulunge;

2. Khetha ubume besinyithi okanye ubume bekhonkrithi obunyulu kumgangatho omtsha we-mezzanine:

Abanye abathengi babuzile ukuba bangathanda umgangatho wemezzanine yentsimbi okanye umgangatho wemeycinanine wekhonkrithi, enyanisweni, uninzi lwemigangatho emitsha ye-mezzanine yintsimbi (enye yeendidi ezine zentsimbi) kwaye zimbalwa ziyikhonkrithi emsulwa. :

(1) Olona loncedo oluphambili lwesakhiwo sesonka sentsimbi sisisindo sayo sokukhanya.Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, ubunzima obufileyo beebhondi zekhonkrithi amaxesha angama-3-5 amaxesha emigangatho yentsimbi. ngaphezu kwe-100kg / m2 (ubunzima bokufa bomgangatho wekhonkrithi wentsimbi bunzima kwaye bufikelela malunga ne-300kg / m2), kodwa ubunzima obufileyo bomgangatho wekhonkrithi omsulwa bungaphezulu kwama-350kg / m2. leyo yomgangatho wekhonkrithi omsulwa.

(2) Isakhelo sesakhiwo sentsimbi ubukhulu becala sisebenza ngokuma, ulwakhiwo olulula, amanyathelo ambalwa okwakha, isantya sokwakha esikhawulezayo, ifuthe elincinci kwezinye iindawo ezijikelezileyo.Umgangatho wekhonkrithi ococekileyo wekhonkrithi kufuneka ubekwe kwindawo enezinto zokuxhasa, ukuxhasa iifom, ukubopha umva, umqadi kunye slab eziphathekayo. Kukho imisebenzi emininzi emanzi, iinkqubo ezininzi zokwakha, amanyathelo amaninzi okwakha, ixesha elide lokwakha kunye nefuthe elikhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Ke ngoko, uninzi lomgangatho omtsha we-mezzanine ngumgangatho wentsimbi i-mezzanine.So sinokukhetha njani phakathi kwezi ndlela zine? Sebenzisa okanye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokwakha, ulwakhiwo olo hlobo lunoqoqosho ngakumbi kwaye lusengqiqweni, kodwa lukwafuna abayili abaziingcali ukuba bathathe isigqibo!