Kutshanje, intatheli evela kwi-China Metallurgical News ifunde kwi-Vale ukuba emva kweminyaka esi-7 yophando kunye notyalo-mali olumalunga ne-50 yezigidi zeerais (malunga ne-US$878,900), inkampani iphumelele ekuphuhliseni inkqubo yokuvelisa i-ore esemgangathweni ophezulu ekhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo. I-Vale isebenzise le nkqubo yokuvelisa kwindawo yokusebenza kwe-iron ore yenkampani eMinas Gerais, eBrazil, kwaye iguqula ukucutshungulwa kweentsalela ezazifuna ukusetyenziswa kwamadama okanye iindlela zokufaka izinto zibe ziimveliso ze-ore ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Iimveliso ze-ore eziveliswe yile nkqubo zingasetyenziswa kushishino lokwakha.
Kuyaqondakala ukuba ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iVale icubungule kwaye ivelise malunga neetoni ezingama-250,000 zeemveliso zesanti zezimbiwa ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezinomxholo ophezulu we-silicon, umxholo omncinci kakhulu wesinyithi, kunye nokulingana okuphezulu kweekhemikhali kunye nobukhulu beesuntswana. IVale iceba ukuthengisa okanye ukunikela ngemveliso ukuvelisa ikhonkrithi, i-mortar, isamente okanye iindlela zokugalela.
UMarcello Spinelli, uSekela Mongameli oPhetheyo weShishini le-Iron Ore laseVale, uthe: “Kukho imfuneko enkulu yesanti kwishishini lokwakha. Iimveliso zethu ze-ore zibonelela ngokhetho oluthembekileyo kwishishini lokwakha, ngelixa zinciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yonyango lweentsila. Impembelelo embi ebangelwayo.”
Ngokwezibalo zeZizwe eziManyeneyo, imfuno yonyaka yehlabathi yesanti iphakathi kweetoni ezingama-40 ezigidi kunye neetoni ezingama-50 ezigidi. Isanti ibe ngumthombo wendalo onomlinganiselo omkhulu wokukhupha okwenziwe ngumntu emva kwamanzi. Le mveliso yesanti yeminerali yeVale isuka kwimveliso yentsimbi. I-ore eluhlaza ingaba yi-ore yesinyithi emva kweenkqubo ezininzi ezifana nokutyumza, ukucoca, ukugaya kunye nokuphucula ifektri. Kwinkqubo yesiqhelo yokuphucula, iimveliso ezingaphantsi ziya kuba yintsalela, ekufuneka zilahlwe ngamadama okanye kwiinqwaba. Le nkampani iphinda ihlaziye iimveliso ezingaphantsi kwe-ore yesinyithi kwinqanaba lokuphucula ide ihlangabezane neemfuno zomgangatho kwaye ibe yimveliso yesanti yeminerali esemgangathweni ophezulu. UVale uthe ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokuguqula intsalela ibe yintsalela esemgangathweni ophezulu, itoni nganye yemveliso yentsimbi eveliswayo inokunciphisa itoni enye yentsalela. Kubikwa ukuba abaphandi abavela kwi-Institute of Sustainable Minerals kwiYunivesithi yaseQueensland e-Australia nakwiYunivesithi yaseGeneva eSwitzerland ngoku benza uphando oluzimeleyo ukuhlalutya iimpawu zeemveliso zesanti yeminerali yaseVale ukuze baqonde ukuba ingaba yindlela ezinzileyo na endaweni yesanti. Kwaye banciphise kakhulu inani lenkunkuma eveliswa yimisebenzi yokwemba.
UJefferson Corraide, uMphathi oyiNtloko weVale's Brucutu and Agualimpa integrated operations area, uthe: “Olu hlobo lweemveliso ze-ore ziimveliso eziluhlaza ngokwenene. Zonke iimveliso ze-ore zicutshungulwa ngeendlela ezibonakalayo. Ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali zezinto eziluhlaza alutshintshwanga ngexesha lokucubungula, kwaye imveliso ayinabungozi kwaye ayinabungozi.”
UVale uthe uceba ukuthengisa okanye ukunikela ngeetoni ezingaphezu kwesigidi seemveliso ze-ore ngo-2022, kwaye wonyuse imveliso yeemveliso ze-ore ukuya kwiitoni ezi-2 zezigidi ngo-2023. Kubikwa ukuba abathengi bale mveliso kulindeleke ukuba bavele kwimimandla emine eBrazil, iMinas Gerais, i-Espirito Santo, iSao Paulo kunye neBrasilia.
“Sikulungele ukwandisa ngakumbi imakethi esetyenziswayo yeemveliso zesanti yezimbiwa ukususela ngo-2023, kwaye ngenxa yoku simisele iqela elizinikeleyo lokuqhuba eli shishini litsha.” utshilo uRogério Nogueira, umlawuli wemakethi yentsimbi yaseVale.
“Okwangoku, ezinye iindawo zemigodi eMinas Gerais nazo zilungiselela uthotho lwamalungiselelo okwamkela le nkqubo yemveliso. Ukongeza, sisebenzisana neqela lamaziko ophando ukuphuhlisa izisombululo ezintsha kwaye sizibophelele ekuphathweni ngengqiqo kwesinyithi. Iintsalela zesinyithi zibonelela ngeengcinga ezintsha.” utshilo u-André Vilhena, umphathi weshishini laseVale. Ukongeza ekusebenziseni iziseko ezikhoyo kwindawo yemigodi yesinyithi, iVale ikwaseke ngokukodwa inethiwekhi enkulu yezothutho ukuze ithuthe ngokufanelekileyo nangokulula iimveliso zesanti yezimbiwa ezizinzileyo ukuya kumazwe amaninzi eBrazil. “Ingqwalasela yethu kukuqinisekisa uzinzo lweshishini lesinyithi, kwaye sinethemba lokunciphisa umngcipheko wokusingqongileyo wemisebenzi yenkampani ngeli shishini litsha.” wongeze watsho uVilliena.
IVale ibisenza uphando malunga nokusetyenziswa konyango lwe-tailings ukusukela ngo-2014. Ngo-2020, inkampani yavula isityalo sokuqala sovavanyo esisebenzisa i-tailings njengezinto eziphambili zokwenza iimveliso zokwakha- umzi-mveliso wezitena wePico. Esi sityalo sikwindawo yemigodi yasePico e-Itabilito, eMinas Gerais. Okwangoku, iZiko leMfundo yobuGcisa laseFederal laseMinas Gerais liphuhlisa intsebenziswano yobugcisa kunye nePico Brick Factory. Eli ziko lithumele abaphandi abangaphezu kwe-10, kuquka ooprofesa, abafundi abaphumelele izidanga, abafundi abangaphantsi kwe-undergraduate kunye nabafundi bezifundo zobugcisa, kwiPico Brick Factory ukuze benze uphando ngokwabo.
Ukongeza kuphando nophuhliso lweemveliso zendalo, iVale ikwathathe amanyathelo ahlukeneyo okunciphisa inani leentsalela, okwenza imisebenzi yokwemba ihlale ixesha elide. Le nkampani izibophelele ekuphuhliseni iteknoloji yokulungisa eyomileyo engadingi manzi. Okwangoku, malunga ne-70% yeemveliso zesinyithi zaseVale ziveliswa ngeteknoloji yokulungisa eyomileyo. Le nkampani ithe ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yokulungisa eyomileyo kunxulumene kakhulu nomgangatho wesinyithi. Isinyithi kwindawo yokwemba yaseCarajás sinomxholo ophezulu wesinyithi (ngaphezulu kwe-65%), kwaye ukucubungula kufuneka kutyunyuzwe kwaye kuhluzwe ngokobukhulu bamasuntswana.
Isebe leVale liphuhlise iteknoloji yokwahlulahlula i-ore eyomileyo ye-ore entle, esetyenziswe kwisityalo sovavanyo eMinas Gerais. IVale isebenzisa obu buchwepheshe kwinkqubo yokuphucula i-ore yesinyithi ekumgangatho ophantsi. Isityalo sokuqala sorhwebo siza kusetyenziswa kwindawo yokusebenza yaseDavarren ngo-2023. IVale ithe isityalo siza kuba nomthamo wemveliso wonyaka we-1.5 yezigidi zeetoni, kwaye utyalo-mali lulonke kulindeleke ukuba lube yi-US $150 yezigidi. Ukongeza, iVale ivule isityalo esinye sokucoca i-tailings kwindawo yemigodi yaseGreat Varjin, kwaye iceba ukuvula ezinye izityalo ezintathu zokucoca i-tailings kwikota yokuqala ka-2022, enye kuzo ikwindawo yemigodi yaseBrucutu kwaye ezimbini zikwi-Iraq. Indawo yemigodi yaseTagbila.